What type of navigation uses GPS data for aircraft approaches?

Area navigation (RNAV) is a method of navigation that allows aircraft to fly on any desired flight path within the coverage of ground- or space-based navigational aids, or within the limits of the aircraft's self-contained systems. This capability is enhanced with the use of Global Positioning System (GPS) data, which provides precise location information.

In the context of aircraft approaches, RNAV permits pilots to follow specific waypoints, ensuring a more efficient and direct flight path to the runway. Because RNAV systems heavily rely on GPS data, they facilitate various types of approaches, including those to airports that might not have traditional ground-based navigation aids. This technology streamlines the approach process and increases safety by allowing more precision and flexibility in routing.

Conventional navigation relies solely on ground-based VOR, NDB, and other conventional aids, not making full use of GPS capabilities. Visual flight rules (VFR) are based on visual references outside the aircraft and do not involve navigation systems like GPS for approaches. Flight Level navigation refers to altitude management for cruising but does not specifically imply the use of GPS for approach navigation. Thus, RNAV stands out as the correct choice due to its integration of GPS data for more advanced and accurate aircraft approaches.