What is the primary instrument used in turns during attitude instrument flying?

In attitude instrument flying, the primary instrument used to manage and maintain proper aircraft orientation during turns is the attitude indicator. This instrument displays the aircraft's position relative to the horizon, indicating whether the wings are level, in a climb, or in a descent. It helps pilots visualize their attitude in three-dimensional space, which is crucial for executing turns safely and effectively.

The attitude indicator operates on the basis of gyroscopic principles, and it shows the relationship of the aircraft's wings relative to the horizon bar. When making a turn, the pilot can rely on this instrument to ensure that the aircraft is maintaining the desired bank angle and that it does not exceed safe limits, thereby preventing uncoordinated flight that can lead to a loss of control.

In contrast, while the turn coordinator can provide information about the rate of turn and is useful for coordination and ensuring that turns are made smoothly, it is not the primary instrument for determining the overall attitude of the aircraft in relation to the horizon. The gyrocompass and altitude indicator also serve their specific roles; however, they don't directly indicate the orientation of the aircraft in terms of level flight or bank angle during turns. Thus, the attitude indicator is essential for maintaining proper control during turns in instrument meteorological conditions.